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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-122</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром Фламмера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Flammer syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канченска</surname><given-names>К. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konieczka</surname><given-names>Katarzyna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рич</surname><given-names>Р. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ritch</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Траверсо</surname><given-names>К. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Traverso</surname><given-names>Carlo Enrico</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кин</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Dong Myung</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кук</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kook</surname><given-names>Michael Scott</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галлино</surname><given-names>А. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gallino</surname><given-names>Augusto</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубницкая</surname><given-names>О. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubnitschaja</surname><given-names>Olga</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрб</surname><given-names>К. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erb</surname><given-names>Carl</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейтсамер</surname><given-names>Г. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reitsamer</surname><given-names>Herbert</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терье</surname><given-names>К. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kida</surname><given-names>Teruyo</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курышева</surname><given-names>Наталия Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurysheva</surname><given-names>Natalia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">e-natalia@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Йо</surname><given-names>К. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yao</surname><given-names>Ke</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Базельский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Basel</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический научно-исследовательский центр Шелли и Стивена Эйнхорнов клиники офтальмологии и ЛОР болезней «Маунт-Синай»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Генуи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinica Oculistica, Di.N.O. G.M.I., University of Genova</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сеульский национальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Seoul National University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Ульсан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Ulsan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Цюрихский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Ospedale San Giovanni</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Боннский университет Фридриха Вильгельма</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологическая клиника Wittenbergplatz</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye Clinic Wittenbergplatz</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Солка / Парацельс медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SALK/Paracelsus Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Осака медицинский колледж</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Osaka Medical College</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр офтальмологии ФМБА России, Клиническая больница № 86</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Ophthalmological Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Clinical Hospital No. 86</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-12"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Офтальмологический центр, Второй филиал больницы, медицинский колледж при университете Чжэцзян</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eye Center of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Канченска К..., Рич Р..., Траверсо К.Э., Кин Д.М., Кук М.С., Галлино А..., Голубницкая О..., Эрб К..., Рейтсамер Г..., Терье К..., Курышева Н.И., Йо К..., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Канченска К..., Рич Р..., Траверсо К.Э., Кин Д.М., Кук М.С., Галлино А..., Голубницкая О..., Эрб К..., Рейтсамер Г..., Терье К..., Курышева Н.И., Йо К...</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konieczka K., Ritch R., Traverso C.E., Kim D.M., Kook M.S., Gallino A., Golubnitschaja O., Erb C., Reitsamer H., Kida T., Kurysheva N., Yao K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/122">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/122</self-uri><abstract><p>Нововведеный термин «синдром Фламмера» описывает фенотип, характеризующийся наличием первичной сосудистой дисрегуляции вместе с комплексом симптомов и признаков, которые могут возникать как в норме, так и при патологии. Как правило, кровеносные сосуды больных с синдромом Фламмера по-разному реагируют на ряд раздражителей, таких как холод и физический или эмоциональный стресс. В данный синдром могут быть вовлечены почти все органы, в том числе орган зрения. Наличие синдрома Фламмера предполагает некоторые положительные стороны, например, защиту против атеросклероза. С другой стороны, синдром Фламмера способствует развитию ряда заболеваний, в том числе глаукомы нормального давления. Синдром чаще встречается у женщин, чем у мужчин, у стройных людей, чем у тучных субъектов, у лиц интеллектуальных профессий. Страдающие данным синдромом, как правило, имеют холодные конечности, низкое артериальное давление, бессонницу, нарушенный циркадианный ритм, сниженное чувство жажды, измененную чувствительность к лекарственным препаратам, а также повышенную общую чувствительность, в том числе болевую. У них увеличен плазменный уровень эндотелина-1 и изменена экспрессия генов в лимфоцитах. Ретинальные сосуды становятся жестче, изменяется их пространственная конфигурация, а также снижается саморегуляция глазного кровотока. Отмечается повышение риска возникновения глаукомы: возникают кровоизлияния на диске зрительного нерва, активируются астроциты и повышается давление в ретинальных венах, могут появиться симптомы сдавления зрительного нерва и отмечаются диффузные дефекты поля зрения. Все эти явления развиваются на фоне оксидантного стресса. Целью дальнейших исследований является поиск диагностических критериев заболевания и инструментальных методов выявления группы риска по данной нозологии. Это позволит индивидуализировать лечение и повысить его эффективность.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The new term Flammer syndrome describes a phenotype characterized by the presence of primary vascular dysregulation together with a cluster of symptoms and signs that may occur in healthy people as well as people with disease. Typically, the blood vessels of the subjects with Flammer syndrome react differently to a number of stimuli, such as cold and physical or emotional stress. Nearly all organs, particularly the eye, can be involved. Although the syndrome has some advantages, such as protection against the development of atherosclerosis, Flammer syndrome also contributes to certain diseases, such as normal tension glaucoma. The syndrome occurs more often in women than in men, in slender people than in obese subjects, in people with indoor rather than outdoor jobs, and in academics than in blue collar workers. Affected subjects tend to have cold extremities, low blood pressure, prolonged sleep onset time, shifted circadian rhythm, reduced feeling of thirst, altered drug sensitivity, and increased general sensitivity, including pain sensitivity. The plasma level of endothelin-1 is slightly increased, and the gene expression in lymphocytes is changed. In the eye, the retinal vessels are stiffer and their spatial variability larger; the autoregulation of ocular blood flow is decreased. Glaucoma patients with Flammer syndrome have an increased frequency of the following: optic disc hemorrhages, activated retinal astrocytes, elevated retinal venous pressure, optic nerve compartmentalization, fluctuating diffuse visual field defects, and elevated oxidative stress. Further research should lead to a more concise definition, a precise diagnosis, and tools for recognizing people at risk. This may ultimately lead to more efficient and more personalized treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Фламмера</kwd><kwd>первичная сосудистая дисрегуляция</kwd><kwd>спазм сосудов</kwd><kwd>похолодание конечностей</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипотония</kwd><kwd>глаукома нормального давления</kwd><kwd>шум в ушах</kwd><kwd>кровоизлияния на диске зрительного нерва</kwd><kwd>окклюзии вен сетчатки</kwd><kwd>профилактическая персонализированная медицина</kwd><kwd>Flammer syndrome</kwd><kwd>primary vascular dysregulation</kwd><kwd>vasospasm</kwd><kwd>cold extremities</kwd><kwd>systemic hypotension</kwd><kwd>normal tension glaucoma</kwd><kwd>tinnitus</kwd><kwd>optic disc hemorrhages</kwd><kwd>retinal vein occlusion</kwd><kwd>predictive preventive personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konieczka K., Fränkl S. 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