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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-13</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль иммунных реакций в патогенезе оптической нейропатии при нормотензивной глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of immune reactions in the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy in normal tension glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantseva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габибов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabibov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломатина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomatina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белогуров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belogurov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коростелёва</surname><given-names>Екатерина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korosteleva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina---@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Выгодин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vygodin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS (IBCh RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ГНИЦ профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institution of Scientific Research Center of prophylactic medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лихванцева В.Г., Габибов А.Г., Соломатина М.В., Белогуров А.А., Коростелёва Е.В., Выгодин В.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лихванцева В.Г., Габибов А.Г., Соломатина М.В., Белогуров А.А., Коростелёва Е.В., Выгодин В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Likhvantseva V.G., Gabibov A.A., Solomatina M.V., Belogurov A.A., Korosteleva E.V., Vygodin V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/13">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/13</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучение роли иммунных реакций в механизмах оптической нейропатии при нормотензивной глаукоме. МЕТОДЫ. Изучали серологические показатели аутоантител (АТ) в крови пациентов с нормотензивной глаукомой (НТГ, n=31); которые сопоставляли с данными при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме (ПОУГ, n=30). Контрольную группу составили 25 соматически здоровых лиц без офтальмопатологии и клинических признаков системных аутоиммунных заболеваний. Для иммунологических исследований использовали широкий спектр аутоантигенов: ENO-1, MBP, NSE, Tβ4, α-кристаллин, родопсин, GAPDH, актин, α-фодрин. Реакции антителообразования в сыворотке крови оценивали методом иммуноферментного анализа. Концентрацию антител в сыворотке отражал спектрофотометрический показатель, который выражался в условных единицах оптической плотности. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Выявили нарушения системного иммунитета при обеих формах глаукомы. При НТГ снижался уровень АТ к родопсину с 1,13±0,13 (Mean±SD) до 0,91±0,19 (p=0,00002, p&lt;0,001), к α-фодрину с 0,39±0,17 до 0,26±0,11 (p=0,00107, p&lt;0,01), к ENO1 с 0,56±0,19 до 0,28±0,09 (p&lt;0,001), актину с 0,50±0,21 до 0,36±0,14 (p=0,00428, p&lt;0,01) и NSE c 0,37±0,08 до 0,29±0,10 (p=0,00201, p&lt;0,01). При этом повышались уровни аутоантител к α-кристаллину с 0,29±0,16 до 1,14±0,18 (p&lt;0,001). Нарушения системного иммунитета при ПОУГ заключались в: снижении уровня АТ к ENO1 с 0,56±0,19 до 0,36±0,14 (р&lt;0,001), Т34 c 0,23±0,11 до 0,16±0,03 (p=0,00205, p&lt;0,01), актину - с 0,50±0,21 до 0,33±0,10 (p=0,00078, p&lt;0,001) и АТ к α-фодрину с 0,39±0,17 до 0,30±0,09 (p=0,01513, p&lt;0,05). При этом повышались уровни АТ к α-кристаллину с 0,29±0,16 до 1,14±0,38 (р&lt;0,001). Роль иммунных реакций в развитии нормотензивной глаукомы НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ ГЛАУКОМА 2/2014 17 Принципиальные отличия показателей аутоиммунитета НТГ от ПОУГ заключались в снижении уровня антитело-образования к родопсину (достоверность межгрупповых различий р=0,00085, р&lt;0,001) и отсутствии изменений со стороны показателей АТ к Т34 . Наряду с этим, при НТГ наблюдали более выраженное снижение показателей АТ к ENO-1 (р&lt;0,001), NSE (p=0,00201, p&lt;0,01) и α-фодрину (р=0,00107, p&lt;0,01), а при ПОУГ - выраженное снижение АT к Tβ4 (p=0,00205, p&lt;0,01) и актину (p=0,00078, p&lt;0,001). ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Выявлены комплексные нарушения молекулярного и иммунного гомеостаза при НТГ. Они проявлялись снижением системной продукции АТ к актину и α-фодрину, отвечающим за сохранность цитоскелета в нейрональных клетках, АТ к NSE и ENO-1, являющимися маркерами повреждения нервных клеток, и АТ к MBP - маркеру демиелинизации. В качестве серологических маркеров иммунодиагностики оптической нейропатии при НТГ и ПОУГ могут быть предложены АТ к АГ нейрональной дифференцировки: ENO-1 и NSE. Обнаружены принципиальные различия в мишенях аутоиммунной агрессии при разных формах глаукомы: при НТГ мишенью служат фоторецепторы сетчатки, при ПОУГ - ганглиозные клетки. Предположительно, выбор мишени аутоиммунной агрессии при разных формах глаукомы определяется характером гемодинамических нарушений, индуцирующих ишемизацию внутренних или наружных слоев сетчатки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>PURPOSE: To analyze molecular and immunological mechanisms of optic neuropathy development in patients with normal tension glaucoma. METHODS: We have been studying serologic indicators of autoantibodies (AB) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG, n=31), which were compared to corresponding parameters in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, n=30). The control group consisted of 25 somatically healthy individuals without ophthalmic pathology and clinical symptoms of systemic autoimmune diseases. For the immunological part of the research we used a wide range of antigens: ENO-1, MBP, NSE, Tβ4, α-crystallin, rhodopsin, GAPDH, actin, α-fodrin. The antibody formation in blood serum was determined with the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies concentration in the blood serum was reflected in a spectrophotometric indicator measured in standard units of optical density. RESULTS: Systemic immune disorders in patients with both forms of glaucoma were revealed. In the NTG group the level of AB to rhodopsin decreased from 1.13±0.13 (Mean±SD) to 0.91±0.19 (p=0.00002, p &lt;0.001), to α-fodrin - from 0.39±0.17 to 0.26±0.11 (p=0.00107, p &lt;0.01), to ENO1 - from 0.56±0.19 to 0.28±0.09 (p&lt;0.001), to actin - from 0.50±0.21 to 0.36±0.14 (p=0.00428, p &lt;0.01) and NSE - from 0.37±0.08 to 0.29±0.10 (p=0.00201, p&lt;0.01). At the same time AB levels to α-crystallin increased from 0.29±0.16 to 1.14±0.18 (p &lt;0.001). Immune disorders in the POAG group were expressed by: the decrease of AB to ENO1 level from 0.56±0.19 to 0.36±0.14 (p&lt;0.001), Tβ4 - from 0.23±0.11 to 0.16±0.03 (p=0.00205, p&lt;0.01), actin - from 0.50±0.21 to 0.33±0.10 (p=0.00078, p&lt;0.001) and of AB to α-fodrin - from 0.39±0.17 to 0.30±0.09 (p=0.01513, p&lt;0.05). Meanwhile, AB levels increased in response to α-crystallin from 0.29±0.16 to 1.14±0.38 (p&lt;0.001). The most significant differences in autoimmune indicators between NTG and POAG patients consisted in decrease of AB to rhodopsin level (reliability of intergroup distinctions p=0.00085, p&lt;0.001) and the absence of changes in the levels of AB to Tβ4. In the NTG group we observed a more pronounced decrease in AB serologic indicators to ENO-1 (p&lt;0.001), NSE (p=0.00201, p&lt;0.01) and α-fodrin (p=0.00107, p&lt;0.01), and in the POAG group - a more expressed decrease in AB to Tβ4 (p=0.00205, p&lt;0.01) and actin (p&lt;0.001). CONCLUSION: Complex disorders of immune and molecular homeostasis have been revealed in the NTG group. The study revealed a decreased production of AB to actin, α-fodrin, which are responsible for safety of the neuron cells cytoskeleton, AB to NSE and ENO-1, the markers of nerve cell damage, and to MBP - a marker of demyelination. AB to neuron differentiation antigens - ENO-1 and NSE - can be proposed as serologic markers of optic neuropathy immunodiagnostics in patients with NTG and POAG. Basic distinctions in targets of autoimmune aggression are found in patients with different forms of glaucoma: photoreceptor cells of the retina serve as a target of apoptosis in the NTG group, while in the POAG group the main target is represented by the retinal ganglion cells. Presumably, the target choice for autoimmune aggression in different forms of glaucoma is determined by the nature of the hemodynamic disorders that cause ischemia of either inner or outer layers of the retina.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нормотензивная глаукома</kwd><kwd>оптическая нейропатия</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунитет</kwd><kwd>сывороточные антитела</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>normal tension glaucoma</kwd><kwd>optic neuropathy</kwd><kwd>autoimmunity</kwd><kwd>serum antibodies</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang J., Tezel G., Patil R.V., Romano C., Wax M. Serum autoantibody against glutathione S-transferase in patients with glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42(6): 1273-1276.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang J., Tezel G., Patil R.V., Romano C., Wax M. 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