glaucomaНациональный журнал ГлаукомаNational Journal glaucoma2078-41042311-6862Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”glaucoma-131Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEW OF LITERATUREПрименение каннабиноидов в медицине и офтальмологииThe use of cannabinoids in medicine and ophthalmologyПетровСергей ЮрьевичPetrovS. Yu.post@glaucomajournal.ruВострухинС. В.VostrukhinS. V.noemail@neicon.ruСафоноваД. М.SafonovaD. M.noemail@neicon.ruФГБНУ «НИИ глазных болезней»РоссияThe Scientific Research Institute of Eye DiseasesRussian Federation20161701201715495100Copyright © Петров С.Ю., Вострухин С.В., Сафонова Д.М., 20172017Петров С.Ю., Вострухин С.В., Сафонова Д.М.Petrov S.Y., Vostrukhin S.V., Safonova D.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/131

В обзоре дается описание терминологии, истории, законодательного регулирования, фармакодинамики и фармакокинетики каннабиноидов, а также результаты исследований их применения в терапии онкологических заболеваний, связанной с химиотерапией симптоматики (интенсивный болевой синдром, тошнота) и неврологических заболеваний (рассеянный склероз, болезнь Альцгеймера, шизофрения). Приведены результаты исследований системного применения каннабиноидов по снижению внутриглазного давления у здоровых лиц и пациентов с различными формами глаукомы. Описаны данные последних исследований взаимосвязи эндоканнабиноидной системы и регуляции тока внутриглазной жидкости, а также сосудорасширяющего и нейропротекторного эффектов. Приведены официальные позиции международных офтальмологических сообществ, не рекомендующих применение каннабиноидов в терапии глаукомы по причине краткосрочного гипотензивного эффекта и низкого системного уровня безопасности.

This article presents a review of terminology, history of appearance, legislative regulation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids, as well as the research results of cannabis use in the treatment of oncologic patients, reducing chemotherapy symptoms (intensive pain syndrome, nausea) and neurologic pathology (disseminated sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia). The research results of systemic cannabis administration for reducing intraocular pressure in healthy population and patients with different forms of glaucoma are discussed. The review reports on the latest research of the interrelation of the endocannabinoid system with the intraocular fluid flow regulation, as well as its vasodilating and neuroprotective effects. It sums up with recounting the official standpoint of international ophthalmology associations, who do not recommend the use of cannabis in glaucoma treatment due to its short-term hypotensive effect and poor system safety level.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.