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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW OF LITERATURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электрофизиологические исследования в диагностике глаукомы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electrophysiology in glaucoma diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курышева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurysheva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.м.н., профессор, руководитель консультативно-диагностического отдела;</p><p>123098, Российская Федерация, Москва, ул. Гамалеи, 15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Med.Sc.D., Professor, Head of the Diagnostic Department;</p><p>15 Gamalei St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 123098.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-офтальмолог консультативно-диагностического отдела;</p><p>123098, Российская Федерация, Москва, ул. Гамалеи, 15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D.</p><p>15 Gamalei St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 123098.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр офтальмологии ФМБА России, Клиническая больница № 86</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ophthalmological Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Clinical Hospital No. 86</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курышева Н.И., Маслова Е.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курышева Н.И., Маслова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurysheva N.I., Maslova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре рассматриваются различные электрофизиологические методы обследования (ЭФИ) и их место в диагностике глаукомы.ЭФИ позволяют регистрировать биоэлектрические потенциалы, генерируемые нейронами зрительной системы в ответ на вспышку или паттерн-стимул. В сравнении с визуализирующими технологиями в офтальмологии (оптической когерентной томографией, флюоресцентной ангиографией, ультразвуковым В-сканированием глаза), ЭФИ являются функциональными тестами, так как вызванные биоэлектрические потенциалы представляют собой результат проведения сигналов по зрительному пути. В отличие от психофизических методов исследования (периметрия, визометрия, определение цветового зрения), ЭФИ позволяют получить объективную информацию о локализации функциональных нарушений, давая возможность оценить вклад определенных нейронов зрительного пути (фоторецепторов, биполярных клеток, ганглиозных клеток или зрительного нерва). За последние десятилетия совершен прорыв в отношении ЭФИ различных нейрональных структур зрительного пути. Многие из них играют важную роль в дифференциальной диагностике глаукомы с другими заболеваниями зрительной системы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review discusses different electrophysiological methods of examination and their role in glaucoma diagnostics. Electrophysiological methods allow a recording of bioelectrical potentials that are generated by the neurons of the visual system in response to flash and pattern stimulation. Compared to imaging techniques in ophthalmology (optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography or ultrasound sonography), the electrophysiological methods are functional tests, as the evoked bioelectrical potentials are by-products of signal processing within the visual pathway. Compared to psychophysical procedures in ophthalmology (perimetry, visual acuity, color vision testing) the electrophysiological methods allow to reveal an objective localization of functional deficits, as the type of the recording enhances the contribution of specific neurons along the visual pathway (photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, or optic nerve). Different electrophysiological examination methods of various neuronal structures of the visual pathway have been improved during the past decades. Most of them play an important role in distinguishing glaucoma from other diseases of the visual system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электроретинография</kwd><kwd>ЭРГ на длительный стимул</kwd><kwd>синеколбочковая ЭРГ</kwd><kwd>осцилляторные потенциалы</kwd><kwd>паттерн ЭРГ</kwd><kwd>ПЭРГ «Фрайбурга»</kwd><kwd>фотопический негативный ответ</kwd><kwd>мультифокальная ЭРГ</kwd><kwd>зрительные вызванные корковые потенциалы</kwd><kwd>синеколбочковые ЗВКП</kwd><kwd>мультифокальные ЗВКП</kwd><kwd>электроокулография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electroretinogram (ERG)</kwd><kwd>flash-ERG</kwd><kwd>on/off ERG</kwd><kwd>S-cone ERG</kwd><kwd>oscillatory potentials</kwd><kwd>pattern ERG (PERG)</kwd><kwd>Freiburg PERG-paradigm</kwd><kwd>photopic negative response (PhNR)</kwd><kwd>multifocal ERG</kwd><kwd>visual evoked potential (VEP)</kwd><kwd>S-cone VEP</kwd><kwd>multifocal VEP</kwd><kwd>electrooculogram</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нестеров А.П. 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