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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53432/2078-4104-2022-21-4-29-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-414</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности реакции на пилокарпин у пациентов с глаукомой низкого давления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Types of reaction to pilocarpine in patients with low-tension glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанова Екатерина Андреевна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры офтальмологии.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Academic Department of Ophthalmology.</p><p>12 Lenina St., Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekat_andr55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой офтальмологии.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Academic Department of Ophthalmology.</p><p>12 Lenina St., Omsk, 644099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанова Е.А., Лебедев О.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанова Е.А., Лебедев О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanova E.A., Lebedev O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/414">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/414</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Определение типа реакции на пилокарпин у пациентов с глаукомой низкого давления (ГНД) и изучение характера оттока жидкости по основным путям при разных типах реакции на пилокарпин.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ. В группу наблюдения вошел 21 человек (42 глаза) с ГНД в возрасте от 51 до 80 лет (средний возраст 68±9,8 лет). Условиями включения в исследование были эмметропия и отсутствие в анамнезе лазерных и хирургических вмешательств на исследуемом глазу. Степень открытия угла передней камеры соответствовала среднеширокому или широкому по классификации А.П. Нестерова. Начальная стадия ГНД была установлена на 16 глазах, развитая стадия — на 12 глазах, далеко зашедшая стадия — на 14 глазах.</p><p>Обследование проводилось как у больных с впервые выявленной глаукомой, так и у пациентов с ранее установленным диагнозом, получавших медикаментозную гипотензивную терапию. В последнем случае больным было рекомендовано отменить инстилляции гипотензивных препаратов за 10–14 дней до проведения исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Положительная пилокарпиновая проба была зарегистрирована на 5 глазах (12%), отрицательная — на 6 глазах (14%) и парадоксальная — на 31 глазу (74%) у больных ГНД.</p><p>Глубина передней камеры, толщина хрусталика и длина передне-задней оси глаза у пациентов с парадоксальной и положительной реакциями на пилокарпин статистически значимо не различались. Следовательно, в исследуемых глазах отсутствуют анатомические предпосылки к развитию того или иного типа реакции на пилокарпиновую пробу.</p><p>При положительной реакции на пилокарпиновую пробу коэффициент легкости оттока по дренажному пути достоверно выше, а в абсолютных цифрах приближается к нормальным значениям. У этих пациентов сохранены резервы дренажного оттока.</p><p>При парадоксальной реакции на пилокарпин коэффициент легкости оттока по дренажному пути достоверно снижен и низок в абсолютных цифрах. Ухудшение оттока по увеосклеральному пути при инстилляциях пилокарпина приводит к повышению внутриглазного давления.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. У большинства пациентов с ГНД регистрируется парадоксальная реакция на пилокарпиновую пробу. Высокая чувствительность данной пробы позволяет рекомендовать ее в качестве диагностического теста при ГНД.</p><p>Различные типы реакции на пилокарпин у пациентов с ГНД ассоциированы с интенсивностью оттока внутриглазной жидкости по дренажному и увеосклеральному путям.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>PURPOSE</title><p>PURPOSE. To determine the types of reaction to pilocarpine in patients with low-tension glaucoma (LTG) and study the nature of fluid outflow along the main pathways in different types of reaction to pilocarpine.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>METHODS. The observation group included 21 people (42 eyes) with LTG aged 51 to 80 years (average age 68±9.8 years). The criteria for inclusion in the study were emmetropic refraction and no previous laser and surgical interventions on the examined eye. The anterior chamber angle corresponded to medium–wide or wide according to the classification by A.P. Nesterov. The initial stage of LTG was established in 16 eyes, developed stage — 12 eyes, advanced stage — 14 eyes.</p><p>The examination was carried out both in patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma and in patients with previously established diagnosis who received hypotensive drug therapy; in the latter case the patients were recommended to cease instillations of hypotensive drugs 10–14 days prior to the examination.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Among the studied LTG patients, positive pilocarpine test was registered in 5 eyes (12%), negative — in 6 eyes (14%), and paradoxical — in 31 eyes (74%).</p><p>The obtained data revealed no statistically significant differences in the initial values of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial eye length between patients with paradoxical and positive reactions to pilocarpine. Therefore, there are no anatomical prerequisites for the development of a particular type of reaction to the pilocarpine test in the studied eyes.</p><p>The ease of outflow coefficient (EOC) for the drainage pathway is significantly reduced in patients with positive reaction to pilocarpine, which in absolute numbers approaches normal values. In these patients the drainage outflow reserves are preserved.</p><p>In persons with paradoxical reaction to pilocarpine, EOC for the drainage pathway is significantly reduced and is low in absolute numbers. Deterioration of the outflow along the uveoscleral pathway in pilocarpine instillations leads to elevated intraocular pressure.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. The majority of patients with low-tension glaucoma have a paradoxical reaction to the pilocarpine test. The sufficiently high sensitivity of the sample allows recommending it as a diagnostic test for this type of glaucoma.</p><p>Different types of reaction to pilocarpine in patients with low-tension glaucoma are associated with the intensity of intraocular fluid outflow over the drainage and uveoscleral pathways.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>дренажный отток</kwd><kwd>увеосклеральный отток</kwd><kwd>пилокарпин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>drainage outflow</kwd><kwd>uveoscleral outflow</kwd><kwd>pilocarpine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Национальное руководство по глаукоме для практикующих врачей. Под ред. Егорова Е.А., Еричева В.П. 4-е издание, исправленное и дополненное. 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