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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-82</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение синдрома «сухого глаза» при первичной глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment of dry eye syndrome by primary glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">safotat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забегайло</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabegaylo</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митичкина</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitichkina</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «НИИ глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафонова Т.Н., Федоров А.А., Забегайло А.О., Егорова Г.Б., Митичкина Т.С., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафонова Т.Н., Федоров А.А., Забегайло А.О., Егорова Г.Б., Митичкина Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safonova T.N., Fedorov A.A., Zabegaylo A.O., Egorova G.B., Mitichkina T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/82">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/82</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Разработка лечения и профилактики развития вторичного синдрома «сухого глаза» у пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой. МЕТОДЫ. Обследовано 50 пациентов (100 глаз) - 20 мужчин, 30 женщин в возрасте от 46 до 85 лет (средний возраст 65,5±9,6 года) с первичной глаукомой. Продолжительность заболевания глаукомой от 1,5 до 17 лет. Алгоритм обследования включал: клинический осмотр, тест Ширмера, пробу Норна, тесты с витальными красителями: лиссаминовым зеленым и флюоресцеином, импрессионно-цитологическое исследование, осмолярометрию, тиаскопию, конфокальную микроскопию, определение функционального состояния мейбомиевых желез. Срок наблюдения составил 3 года. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Признаки синдрома «сухого глаза» (ССГ) были выявлены в 70,6% (76 глаз). В 23,6% случаев (18 глаз) имела место дисфункция мейбомиевых желез. Спектр жалоб был представлен: чувством жжения (89%), резью (71%), ощущением инородного тела (56%), болезненными ощущениями при инстилляциях (43%). Средние значения общего объема слезопродукции по данным теста Ширмера составили 20,7±0,8 мм, показатели пробы Норна - 9,7±0,1, осмолярности - 290,2±13,1 мОсм/л. Интерференционная картина слезной пленки выявила изменения ее липидного слоя в виде неравномерного истончения с сохранением нормальной толщины лишь на незначительных по площади участках, отсутствие цветов высокого порядка. С помощью конфокальной микроскопии показали наличие десквамированного переднего эпителия роговицы, отечность, извитость и прерывистость хода нервов суббазального сплетения. Результаты импрессионно-цитологического исследования продемонстрировали наличие дистрофических изменений эпителия конъюнктивы и снижение числа бокаловидных клеток. Степень этих изменений коррелировала с длительностью заболевания и количеством используемых антиглаукомных средств. При изменении гипотензивного режима в 5 (6,5%) случаях зафиксировано увеличение показателей осмолярности - в среднем до 330,0±11,2 мОсм/л, сопровождавшееся снижением показателей пробы Норна до 7,3±0,2 с и истончением липидного слоя. Нормализацию показателей осмолярности достигали назначением оптива в течение 3 недель, коррекцию липидного слоя - с помощью препарата систейн-баланс, восстановление эпителия роговицы - репаративными средствами (корнерегель, систейн-гель или витА-Пос). Для купирования воспалительного процесса применяли физиотерапевтический метод - очковую оправу «Блефастим» в комбинации с рестасисом. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Предложенная схема медикаментозного сопровождения пациентов с первичной глаукомой позволила снизить количество и степень проявления субъективных жалоб, сохранить стабильность объема слезопродукции в течение всего периода наблюдения, восстановить функциональное состояние мейбомиевых желез, эпителия роговицы и конъюнктивы, повысить стабильность слезной пленки за счет увеличения толщины липидного слоя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>PURPOSE: To develop the methods of treatment and prevention of secondary «dry eye» in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: The study involved 50 patients (100 eyes): 20 men, 30 women aged 46 to 85 years (mean age 65.5±9.6 years) with primary glaucoma. Glaucoma duration varied from 1.5 to 17 years. The patients administered the following hypotensive drops: Betoptik, Azopt, Arutimol, Xalatan, Travotan, Alfagan, Taflotan, Dorzopt as monotherapy or a combination of two or three of them. All patients underwent a clinical examination, Schirmer test, Norn test, vital staining with lissamine green and fluorescein, impression cytology, osmolarimetry (Tearlab Corp, USA) tearscopy, confocal microscopy («Confoscan-4», Nidek (Japan). The functional state of the meibomian glands and passability of its canaliculi were determined by the presence of lipids in the imprints of the palpebral intermarginal space on Millipore® filter after its OsO4-vapor staining (RF patent number 2.373.832). The digital image of the interference pattern of the lipid layer was analyzed by computer software «Lacrima». Follow-up period was 3 years. RESULTS: The signs of the «dry eye» syndrome were detected in 70.6% (76 eyes). Of these, 23.6% of patients (18 eyes) had meibomian gland dysfunction confirmed by Norn tests - 9.7±0.1. The most common complaint was the ocular pain sensation. The result of Schirmer test (20.7±0.8 mm) allows us to conclude the presence of hypersecretion as the initial manifestation of «dry eye». No increased tear osmolarity (average was 290.2±13.1 mOsm/l) was shown. The main changes pertained to the condition of the lipid layer of the tear film: an irregular thickness with normal thickness limited only to some small areas. Conjunctiva impression cytology showed a significant (from single to total absence of the field of view) reduction in the number of goblet cells and revealed pronounced degenerative changes in the epithelium. Confocal microscopy revealed a cytotoxic effect on the cornea (the front of desquamated epithelial corneal edema, stroke and intermittent crimp in subbasal neural plexus. When prescribing treatment for the «dry eye» associated with primary glaucoma, it is important to correct the defects of the lipid layer of the tear film using Systanebalance instillations. Adjuvant reparative agents may be presented by Korneregel, Sisteyn gel or Vit A Pos administered overnight. According to our data, these drugs should be used for a long time, depending on results of confocal microscopy of the cornea. For inflammatory process management we used the spectacle frame «Blephasteam» in combination with the drug Restasis. CONCLUSION: We have developed an algorithm of dry eye treatment in glaucoma patients, which allowed to optimize the state of the ocular surface and ensure the stability of the functional parameters for the entire period of observation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром «сухого глаза»</kwd><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>импрессионно-цитологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>осмолярометрия</kwd><kwd>тиаскопия</kwd><kwd>конфокальная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>тест Ширмера</kwd><kwd>проба Норна</kwd><kwd>мейбомиевые железы</kwd><kwd>«dry eye»</kwd><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>impression cytology</kwd><kwd>osmolarimetry</kwd><kwd>tearscopy</kwd><kwd>confocal microscopy</kwd><kwd>Schirmer test</kwd><kwd>Norn test</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baudoin C. Detrimental effect of preservatives in eyedrops: implication for the treatment of glaucoma. 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