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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glaucoma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальный журнал Глаукома</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Journal glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-4104</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-6862</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glaucoma-87</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW OF LITERATURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейровизуализация дегенеративных изменений при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neuroimaging degenerative changes in primary open-angle glaucoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газизова</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazizova</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ilmira_ufa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайнуллина</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaynullina</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Medical Research Center of V.A. Almazova</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 10»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal clinical hospital №10</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Газизова И.Р., Зайнуллина С.Р., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Газизова И.Р., Зайнуллина С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gazizova I.R., Zaynullina S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/87">https://www.glaucomajournal.ru/jour/article/view/87</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы представлен анализ методов диагностики нейродегенеративных изменений проводящих путей зрительного анализатора при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме. У большинства больных с длительным течением заболевания даже на фоне нормализованного внутриглазного давления происходит прогрессивное ухудшение зрительных функций. По последним данным, глаукоматозное повреждение не ограничивается ганглионарными клетками сетчатки, а распространяется на весь зрительный путь: сетчатку, зрительный нерв, зрительный перекрест, зрительные тракты, латеральные коленчатые тела, зрительную лучистость и кору головного мозга. В статье представлены результаты обследования больных первичной открытоугольной глаукомой с помощью стандартной магнитно-резонансной томографи и, функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии и диффузионной тензорной визуализации. Также представлены результаты морфологических методов исследования, которые подтверждают дегенеративные изменения, выявленные с помощью неинвазивных методов. В последние годы все чаще встречаются работы, в которых первичная открытоугольная глаукома рассматривается как нейродегенеративное заболевание наряду с таким заболеванием, как болезнь Альцгеймера. В данном обзоре приведены факты, объединяющие эти заболевания. Полное понимание ретробульбарного и интракраниального глаукоматозного повреждения может позволить проводить наиболее эффективную диагностику первичной открытоугольной глаукомы и способствовать открытию новых терапевтических стратегий для защиты зрительного нерва.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This literature review presents an analysis of diagnostic methods for neurodegenerative changes in the visual analyzer pathways in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The majority of patients with long duration glaucoma even with normalized intraocular pressure present with progressive deterioration of visual functions. According to recent reports of glaucomatous damage is not limited to retinal ganglion cells, but extends over the entire visual pathway: retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic radiation and the cerebral cortex. The article presents the results of primary open-angle glaucoma patients' examination with standard magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. The results of morphological studies, which confirm the degenerative changes identified through noninvasive methods, are also presented. Recent years saw an increasing frequency of scientific work in which primary open-angle glaucoma was treated as a neurodegenerative disease, along with such diseases as Alzheimer's disease. This review recounts the facts that unite these diseases. A full understanding of retrobulbar glaucomatous damage may allow for more effective primary open-angle glaucoma diagnostics and contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for the protection of the optic nerve.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичная открытоугольная глаукома</kwd><kwd>нейродегенерация</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>primary open-angle glaucoma</kwd><kwd>neurodegeneration</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Menzler K., Belke M., Wehrmann E., Krakow K., Lengler U., Jansen A. Men and women are different: diffusion tensor imaging reveals sexual dimorphism in the microstructure of the thalamus, corpus callosum and cingulum. 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