The effect of somatic pathology medical correction on the level of intraocular pressure in elderly and senile glaucoma patients

Purpose: Analysis of somatic pathology and its correction according to the intraocular pressure (IOP) level in elderly and senile patients with glaucoma.

Methods: The study included 256 patients (512 eyes) with newly diagnosed POAG stage I-III, 78 (30.5%) men and 178 (69.5%) women. The average patient age was 64.7±1.97 years. The study protocol combined the following indicators: age, anamnesis (concomitant somatic pathology and its correction), stages of the disease, IOP level at baseline, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and a year after the start of hyportensive therapy, hypotensive drug regimen and its changes.

Results: Patients with POAG in 93.8% of cases had concomitant somatic diseases. Cardiovascular pathology was registered in 232 (90.6%) patients. The majority of patients received combination therapy (188 people, 72.9%), the remaining patients received monotherapy (70 people, 27.1%), which was mainly represented by i-ACE (41.4%) and ARB (32.9% of all monotherapy). For the treatment of glaucoma, β-blockers (75.4%) were the first choice drugs. Prostaglandin analogs (PA) were administered in 17.8% of cases. Patients with β-blockers monotherapy in 57.8% of cases retained this regimen a year after administration. It should be noted that the level of IOP reduction was more promineny than stated in the instructions of the drugs. At the same time, for the correction of cardiovascular pathology, monotherapy in the form of i-ACE and ARB was received in 18.4% of cases. In 33.3% of cases, patients received a combination of BAB with TD, ARB, AK. In 17.2% of cases, patients received antiplatelet agents.

Conclusion: The question of the interaction of drugs for glaucoma and other diseases treatment is relevant throughout the patient’s life to achieve stabilization of the glaucomatous process, eliminate or reduce their side effects and increase adherence to the prescribed therapy.

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