Modern methods of functional diagnostics and monitoring of glaucoma. Part 3. The role of the morphological and functional relationships in the early detection and monitoring of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy, characterized by ganglion cell loss and specific changes in the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Early glaucoma detection plays an important role in preventing permanent structural damage development and irreversible vision loss. Glaucoma diagnostics is based on examination of structural damage to the optic nerve and visual functions evaluation. The results of ONH and RNFL clinical evaluation are subjective and can vary to a great extent. As a result, much recent research has been devoted to developing additional objective diagnostic methods, such as the use of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, scanning laser polarimetry and optical coherence tomography for evaluating the OHN status. In order to provide early detection of visual field defects some researchers consider the possibility of replacing standard automated perimetry (SAP) with the selective automated perimetry, that includes the short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) and frequency-doubling technology perimetry (FDT). This article presents a review of modern methods available for glaucoma diagnostics with emphasis on their clinical use.

глаукома, диагностика, периметрия, стандартная автоматическая периметрия, коротковолновая автоматическая периметрия, периметрия с иллюзией удвоения пространственной частоты, стереофотография, конфокальная лазерная сканирующая офтальмоскопия, оптическая когерентная томография, сканирующая лазерная поляриметрия, glaucoma, diagnostics, standard automated perimetry, short-wavelength automated perimetry, frequency-doubling technology perimetry, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography, scanning laser polarimetry

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