Modern approaches to surgical treatment of combined pathology of glaucoma and cataract
https://doi.org/10.25700/10.25700/NJG.2019.04.07
Abstract
Glaucoma is a socially significant disease. It is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness. Along with cataract surgery, glaucoma treatment determines the basic surgical potential of any surgical facility. A high preva-lence, frequent combination of primary open-angle glaucoma and cataract, as well as their negative impact on the visual functions of the eye remain relevant and important problems. In this regard, special attention should be paid to the choice of active management tactics for patients withthis pathology. This review covers different approaches to surgical treatment of combined pathology of glaucoma and cataract. A comparative assessment of their efficacy and safety was carried out, and statistics on postoperative complications and long-term results of surgical treatment was gathered.
About the Authors
S. I. AnisimovRussian Federation
Med.Sc.D., Professor, Ophthalmology Department, Scientific Director
20 bld. 1 Delegatskaya str., Moscow,
Russian Federation, 127473
S. Y. Anisimova
Russian Federation
Med.Sc.D., Professor, Director
38 Bolshoi Tishinski pereulok, Moscow, Russian Federation, 123557
L. L. Arutyunyan
Russian Federation
Med.Sc.D., Professor of Ophthalmology Department,
Head of diagnostic Department
2/1 bld. 1 Barikadnaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 125993
A. P. Voznyuk
Russian Federation
post-graduate student, Ophthalmologist
20 bld. 1 Delegatskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 127473
N. S. Anisimova
Russian Federation
Ph.D., assistant Ophthalmology Department
20 bld. 1 Delegatskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 127473
References
1. Libman E.S. Modern positions of clinical and social ophthalmology. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2004; 120(1):10-12. (In Russ.).
2. Bikbov M.M., Surkova V.K., Khusnitdinov I.I., Chaika O.V. Results of using Ahmed drainage in refractory glaucoma. RMJ. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2013; 3:98. (In Russ.).
3. Malyugin B.E., Timoshkina N.T., Andronov S.I. Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in the eyes with a narrow pupil. Ophthalmosurgery. 1997; 2:25-32. (In Russ.).
4. Stepanov A.V., Tedeeva N.R., Gamzayeva U.S., Lugovkina K.V. New drainage operation for the treatment of refractory posttraumatic glaucoma. Russian Ophthalmological J. 2015; 8(2):54-58. (In Russ.).
5. Shmeleva V.V. Katarakta [Cataract]. Moscow: Meditsina Publ.; 1981. 223 p. (In Russ.).
6. Agafonova V.V., Barinov E.F., Frankovsk-Gerlak M.S. Pathogenesis of open-angle glaucoma in pseudoexfoliative syndrome. Ophthalmology in Russia. 2010; 3:106-114. (In Russ.).
7. Aznabaev M.T., Aznabaev B.M., Krieger G.S., Kydralieva S.R. Endoscopic laser photocoagulation of the ciliary processes in patients with severe uncompensated forms of glaucoma. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 1999; 6:6-7. (In Russ.).
8. Erichev V.P. Refractory glaucoma: treatment features. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2000; 116(5):8-10. (In Russ.).
9. Dobler-Dixon A.A., Cantor L.B., Sondhi N. et al. Prospective evaluation of extraocular motility following double-plate Molteno implantation. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999; 117(9):1155-1160. doi:10.1001/ archopht.117.9.1155
10. Nesterov A.P., Egorov E.A., Batmanov Yu.E., Kolesnikova L.N. Some features of glaucoma surgery. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 1986; 3:7-8. (In Russ.).
11. Stepanov A.V. Ahmed's Drainage in surgery of refractory posttraumatic glaucoma. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2008; 124(5):28-31. (In Russ.).
12. Anders N., Pham D.T., Holschbach A., Wollensak J. Combined phacoemulsification and filtering surgery with the ''no-stirch'' technique. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997; 115:1245-1249. doi:10.1001/archopht. 1997.01100160415004
13. Blecher M.H. Phacotrabeculectomy with a foldable intraocular lens. CLAO J. 1992; 18(3):208-209.
14. Cunliffe T.A., Longstaff S. Intraoperative use of 5-fluorouracil in glaucoma filtering surgery. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1993; 71:739-743. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1993.tb08593.x
15. Hansen L.L., Hoffmann F. Combination of phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy. Results of a retrospective study. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1987; 190(6):478-481.
16. Papapanos P., Wedrich A., Pfleger Т., Menapace R. Induced astigmatism following small incision cataract surgery combined with trabeculectomy. Doc Ophthalmol. 1992; 82(4):361-368. doi:10.1007/ bf00161024
17. Onali T. Extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation in controlled open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmic Surg. 1991; 22(7):381-381.
18. Savage J.A., Thomas J.V., Belcher C.D. III, Simmons R.J. Extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation in glaucomatous eyes. Ophthalmology. 1985; 92:1506-1516. doi:10.1016/ s0161-6420(85)33828-9
19. Mierzejewski A., Eliks I., Kaiuzny B, Zygulska M., Harasimowicz B., Kaiuzny J.J. Cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. Klin Oczna. 2008; 110(1-3):11-17. 20. Mathalone N., Hyams M., Neiman S., Buckman G., Hod Y., Geyer O.J. Long-term intraocular pressure control after clear corneal phacoemulsification in glaucoma patients. Cataract Refract Surg. 2005; 31(3):479-483. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.06.046
20. Pohjalainen T., Vesti E. et al. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantationin eyes with open-angle glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2001: 313-316. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.2001.790322.x 22. Blumenthal M. Small incision cataract surgery without phaco. Highlights Ophthalmol Letter. 1993; 21(5):239-241.
21. Fine I.H., Maloney W.F., Dillman D.M. Crack and flip phacoemulsification technique. J Cataract Refrac. Surg. 1993; 19:797-802. doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(13)80355-0
22. Kadowaki H. et al. Surgically-induced astigmatism following single-site phacotrabeculectomy, phacotrabeculotomy and advanced non-penetrating phacotrabeculectomy. Semin Ophthalmol. 2001; 16(3):158-161. doi:10.1076/soph.16.3.158.4196 2
23. Ivanov D.I. Our experience of surgical treatment of problematic cases of angle-closure glaucoma]. In: Glaucoma: problems and solutions. Moscow; 2004: 29 -300. (In Russ.).
24. Hudovernik M., Pahor D. Intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber lens implantation in openangle glaucoma. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 2003; 220:835-839. doi:10.1055/s-2003-812552
25. Meyer M.A., Savitt M.L., Kopitas E. The effect of phacoemulsification on aqueous outflow facility. Ophthalmology. 1997; 104:1221-1227. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30154-7
26. Friedman et al. Surgical strategies for coexisting glaucoma and cataract: an evidence-based update. D.S. Ophtyalmology. 2002; 109:19021913. doi:10.1097/00132578-200304000-00015
27. Hayashi K. et al. Effect of cataract surgery on intraocular pressure control in glaucoma patients. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001; 27(11):17791786. doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(01)01036-7
28. Shingleton В.J., Heitzer J., O'Donoghue M.W. Outcomes of phacoemulsification in patients with and without pseudoextoliation syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2003; 29:1080-1086. doi:10.1016/j. ajo.2003.09.021
29. Shingleton B.J. et al. Three and five year changes in intraocular pressures after clear corneal phacoemulsification in open angle glaucoma patients, glaucoma suspects, and normal patients. J Glaucoma. 2006; 15:494-498. doi:10.1097/01.ijg.0000212294.31411.92
30. Strenk S.A., Strenk L.M. In vivo MRI visualizing the Haptics. J Eye World. 2007: 49-52.
31. Schuyler D., Theodoros F. a New device – Trubachom ensures the safe conduct of the trabeculectomy. New in Ophthalmology. 2010; 1:53. (In Russ.).
32. Bomer T.G., Lagreze W.D.A., Funk J. Intraocular pressure rise after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber lens implantation: effect of prophylactic medication, wound closure, and surgeon's experience. Brit J Ophthalmol. 1995; 79:809-813. doi:10.1136/bjo.79.9.809
33. Derbolaev A. et al. Long-term effect ofphacoemulsification on intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2002; 28(3):425-430. doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(01)01189-0
34. Brooks A.M., Gillies W.E. The effect of cataract extraction with implant in glaucomatous eyes. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1992; 20(3): 235-238. doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.1992.tb00945.x
35. Merkur A. et al. Intraocular pressure decrease after phacoemulsification in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001; 27(4):528-532. doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00753-7
36. Schwenn O., Grehn F. Cataract extraction combined with trabeculotomy. Germ J Ophthalmol. 1995: 4(1):16-20.
37. Zolotarev A.V., Karlova E.V., Nikolaeva G.A. The Role of trabecular apparatus in the implementation of uveoscleral outflow. Clinical ophthalmology. 2006; 7(2):67. (In Russ.).
38. Zolotarev A.V., Stebleva I.G., Shevchenko M.V. The hypotensive effect of phacoemulsification in various types of clinical refraction. Vestnik of Orenburg state University. New technologies of eye microsurgery. 2008; 12:41-43. (In Russ.).
39. Zolotarev A.V., Pavlova O.V., Karlova E.V., Ilyina N.V., Skvortsova S.V. To the mechanism of accommodation response of the artificial eye. Vestnik of Orenburg state University. 2013; 4:99-101. (In Russ.).
40. Ioshin I.E. Tunnel cataract extraction with temporal incision after antiglaucomatous operation. New in Ophthalmology. 2000; 3:33-34. (In Russ.).
41. Barraquer R. Phacotrabeculectomy combined cataract trabeculectomy surgery for glaucoma. Innovations in the Glaucomas. 2002: 331-337.
42. Parihar A.S., Parihar A.K. Combined approach to coexisting glaucoma and cataract: choice of surgical techniques. In Texbook: Glaucomacuureny clinical and research aspects. Intech, Croatia. 2011: 275-325. 45. Zhou H. et al. Preliminary observation of one side combined with trabeculectomy phacoemulsification in the menagement of cataract patients with drug-controllable glaucoma. Yan Ke Xue Bao. 1999; 15(1):38-40.
43. Gurtovaya E.E., Mogilevskaya F.J. Cataract extraction after antiglaucomatous operations. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 1978; 3:17-20. (In Russ.).
44. Egorova E.V. Results of surgical treatment of patients with complicated cataract, who had previously undergone antiglaucomatous operations. In: Modern technologies of cataract surgery. Moscow; 2003: 110-115. (In Russ.).
45. Yamamoto T., Sakuma T., Kitazawa Y. An ultrasound biomicroscopic study of filtering blebs after mitomycin C trabeculectomy. Ophthalmology. 1995; 102(1):770-776. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)30795-6
46. Gimbel H.V., Penno E.E., Ferensowicz M. Combined cataract surgery, intraocular lens implantation, and viscocanalostomy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999; 25(10):1370-1375. doi:10.1016/s08863350(99)00203-5
47. Breebaart A.C. et al. Toxic endothelial cell destruction of the cornea after routine extracapsular cataract surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 1990; 108:1121-1125. doi:10.1001/archopht.1990.01070100077038 51. Bussel I., Kaplowitz K., Schuman J.S., Loewen N.A. Trabectome Study G. Outcomes of ab interno trabeculectomy with the trabectome after failed trabeculectomy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015; 99(2):258-262. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304717
48. Francis B.A., Winarko J. Ab interno Schlemm’s canal surgery: trabectome and i-stent. Developments in Ophthalmology. 2012; 50:125-136. doi:10.1159/000334794
49. Maeda M., Watanabe M., Ichikawa K. Evaluation of trabectome in open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2013; 22(3):205-208. doi:10.1097/ IJG.0b013e3182311b92
50. Francis B.A., Minckler D., Dustin L., Kawji S. et al. Combined cataract extraction and trabeculotomy by the internal approach for coexisting cataract and open-angle glaucoma: initial results. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008; 34(7):1096-1103. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.03.032
51. SooHoo J.R., Seibold L.K., Kahook M.Y. Ab interno trabeculectomy in the adult patient. Middle East African J Ophthalmol. 2015; 22(1): 25-29. doi:10.4103/0974-9233.148345
52. Kurysheva N.I., Fedorov A.A., Erichev V.P. Pathological features of cataract lens in patients with glaucoma. Vestn Oftalmol. 2000; 116(2):13-16. (In Russ.).
53. Frank J.W., Perkins T.W., Kushner B.J. Ocular motility defects in patients with Krupin valve implant. Ophthalmic Surg. 1995; 26(3):228-232.
54. Jerndal T., Lundstrom M. Trabeculectomy combined with cataract extraction. Am J Ophthalmol. 1976; 81(2):227-231. doi:10.1016/ 0002-9394(76)90736-4
55. Johns G.E., Layden W.E. Combined trabeculectomy and cataract extraction. Am J Ophthalmol. 1979; 88(6):973-981. doi:10.1016/ 0002-9394(79)90401-x
56. Lyle W.A., Jin J.C. Comparison of a 3- and 6-mm incision in combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991; 111(2):189-196. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72258-5
57. Dobromyslov A.N., Kvasova M.D., Pravosudova M.M. Extraction cataracts after antiglaucomatous surgery. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 1986; 103(3):20-21. (In Russ.).
58. Lebedev O.I. The concept of excessive scarring of tissues after antiglaucomatous operations. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 1993; 109(1):36-39. (In Russ.).
59. Krasnov M.M. Sinusotomy in glaucoma. News ophthalmology. 1986; 3:3-8. (In Russ.).
60. Stepanov A.V., Tedeeva N.R., Gamzayeva U.S., Lugovkina K.V. New drainage operation for the treatment of refractory posttraumatic glaucoma. Russian Ophthalmological J. 2015; 8(2):54-58. (In Russ.).
61. Crandall A.S. Combined phacotrabeculectomy indicated in certain patients. Argus OWN. 1997; 2(6):11.
62. Anisimova S.Yu., Anisimov S.I., Rogacheva I.V. et al. New non-absorbable collagen drainage to improve the effectiveness of non-penetrating deep sclerolimbectomy. Glaucoma. 2003. 1:19-23. (In Russ.).
63. Anisimova S.Yu., Anisimov S.I., Larionov G.G. Morphological studies after implantation of antiglaucomatous collagen drainage. Russian Medical News. 2005; 3: 53-56. (In Russ.).
64. Gaydzhari T.P. The dynamics of the coefficient of lightness outflow after angular-suprachoroidal drainage in patients with primary glaucoma. Zaporozhye Medical J. 2014; 4(85):26-29. (In Russ.).
65. Anisimova S.Yu., Anisimova S.I., Rogacheva I.V. Long-term results of surgical treatment of refractory glaucoma using collagen drainage resistant to biodegradation. Glaucoma. 2011; 2:28-33. (In Russ.).
66. Mamikonyan V.R., Yusef N.Yu., Vvedensky A.S., Yusef S.I. Results of combined surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma and cataract. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2010; 4:3-6. (In Russ.).
67. Craven E.R., Katz L.J., Wells J.M., Giamporcaro J.E. Cataract surgery with trabecular micro-bypass stent implantation in patients with mild-to-moderate open-angle glaucoma and cataract: two-year followup. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012; 38(8):1339-1345. doi:10.1016/j. jcrs.2012.03.025
68. Grieshaber M.C., Fraenkl S., Schoetzau A., Flammer J., Orgül S. Circumferential viscocanalostomy and suture canal distension (canaloplasty) for whites with open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2011; 20(5):298-302. doi:10.1097/ijg.0b013e3181e3d46e
69. Jacobi P.C., Dietlein T.S., Krieglstein G.K. Goniocurettage for removing trabecular meshwork: clinical results of a new surgical technique in advanced chronic open-angle glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999; 127(5):505-510. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(98)00448-6
70. King A.J., Rotchford A.P., Alwitry A., Moodie J. Frequency of bleb manipulations after trabeculectomy surgery. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007; 91(7):873-877. doi:10.1136/bjo.2006.109835
71. Alexeev B.N., Ermolaev A.P. Trabeculotomy ab interno in combination with simultaneous cataract extraction. Vestnik oftal’mologii. 2003; 119(4):7-10. (In Russ.).
72. Nakasato H., Uemoto R., Isozaki M., Meguro A., Kawagoe T., Mizuki N. Trabeculotomy ab interno with internal limiting membrane forceps for open-angle glaucoma. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exper Ophthalmol. 2014; 252(6):977-982. doi:10.1007/s00417-014-2616-4
73. Shingleton B.J., Wooler K.B., Bourne C.I., O’Donoghue M.W. Combined cataract and trabeculectomy surgery in eyes with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011; 37(11):1961-1970. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2011.05.036
74. Jordan J.F., Wecker T., van Oterendorp C., Anton A. et al. Trabectome surgery for primary and secondary open-angle glaucomas. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exper Ophthalmol 2013; 251(12):2753-2760. doi:10.1007/ s00417-013-2500-7
75. Ivanov D.I., Nikulin M.E. Trabeculotomy ab interno as a hypotensive component in combined surgery of cataract and glaucoma. Glaucoma. 2011; 3:34-39. (In Russ.).
76. Wilmsmeyer S., Philippin H., Funk J. Excimer laser trabeculotomy: a new, minimally invasive procedure for patients with glaucoma. Graefe's Arch Clin Exper Ophthalmol. 2006; 244(6):670-676. doi:10.1007/s00417-005-0136-y
77. Francis В. Trabectome combined with phacoemulsification versus phacoemulsification alone: a prospective, non-randomized controlled surgical trial. Clin Surg J Ophthalmol. 2010; 28(10):1-7.
78. Samuelson T.W., Katz L.J., Wells J.M. et al. Randomized evaluation of the trabecular micro-bypass stent with phacoemulsification in patients with glaucoma and cataract. Ophthalmology. 2011; 118(3):459-467. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.07.007
79. Cagini C. et al. Canaloplasty: current value in the management of glaucoma. J Ophthalmol. 2016; 2016:6. doi:10.1155/2016/7080475
80. Grieshaber M.C., Grieshaber H.R., Stegmann R. A new expander for schlemm canal surgery in primary open-angle glaucoma-interim clinical results. J Glaucoma. 2016; 25:657-62. doi:10.1097/ijg. 0000000000000397
81. Bahler C.K., Smedley G.T., Zhou J. et al. Trabecular bypass stents decrease intraocular pressure in cultured human anterior segments. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004; 138:988-994. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2004.07.035 86. Khaimi M.A. Canaloplasty using iTrack 250 microcatheter with suture tensioning on schlemm's canal. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2009; 16(3):127-129. doi:10.4103/0974-9233.56224
82. Shingeleton B., Tetz M., Korber N. Circumferential viscodilation and tensioning of Schlemm canal (canaloplasty) with temporal clear corneal phacoemulsification cataract surgery for open-angle glaucoma and visually significant cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008; 34:433-440. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.11.029
83. Cheng J.-W., Cheng S.W., Cai J.P. et al. Systematic overview of the efficacy of nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery in the treatment of open angle glaucoma. Med Sci Monit. 2011; 17(7):155-163. doi:10.12659/ MSM.881840
84. Gandolfi S.A., Ungaro N., Ghirardini S. et al. Comparison of surgical outcomes between canaloplasty and Schlemm’s canal scaffold at 24 months’ follow-up. J Ophthalmol. 2016; 2016:1-5. doi:10.1155/ 2016/3410469
85. Ayyala R.S., Zukarowski D., Smith J.A. A clinical study of the Ahmed glaucoma valve implant in advanced glaucoma. J Ophthalmol. 1998; 105(10):1968-1976. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(98)91049-1
86. Spiegel D., Wetzel W., Neuhann T. et al. Coexistent primary openangle glaucoma and cataract: interim analysis of a trabecular microbypass stent and concurrent cataract surgery. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2009. 19(3):393-399. doi:10.1177/112067210901900311
87. Komarova M.G. The first experience of a new combined intervention, providing hypotensive glide pathway, with a combination of cataract and open-angle glaucoma. Modern technologies in ophthalmology. 2015; 4:52-55. (In Russ.).
88. Fea A.M. Phacoemulsification versus phacoemulsification with microbypass stent implantation in primary open-angle glaucoma: randomized double-masked clinical trial. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010; 36(3):407-412. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.10.031
89. Anisimova S.Y., Anisimov S.I., Zagrebelnaya L.V. The influence of operation technique on intraocular pressure decrease level and vision functions in cases of combined cataract and glaucoma surgery. The cataract surgery modern technology. 2003; 31-37. (In Russ.).
90. Anisimova S.Y., Anisimov S., Zagrebelnaya L. Selection of technique of operation and intraocular lens in comdined glaucoma and cataract surgery. J Francais d’Ophthalmologie. 2004; 203.
91. Anisimova S.Yu., Trubilin V.N., Trubilin A.V., Anisimov S.I. Comparement of manual and femtosecond laser capsulorhexis during phacoemulsification. Cataract and refractive surgery. 2012; 12(4):16-18. (In Russ.).
92. Anisimova S.Yu., Anisimov S.I., Trubilin V.N., Novak I.V. Femtoassisted phacoemulsification. First clinical experience in Russia. Cataract and refractive surgery. 2012; 12(3):7-10. (In Russ.).
93. Bali S.J., Hodge C., Lawless M. et al. Early experience with the femtosecond laser for cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 2012; 119:891-899. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.12.025
94. Roberts T.V., Lawless M., Bali S.J., Hodge C., Sutton G. Surgical outcomes and safety of femtosecond laser cataract surgery a prospective study of 1500 consecutive cases. Ophthalmology. 2013; 120:227-233. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.10.026
95. Malyugin B.E. Modern aspects of combined cataract and glaucoma surgical treatment. Glaucoma: problems and solutions. 2004; 373-377. (In Russ.).
96. Anisimova S.Y., Anisimov S.I., Zagrebelnaya L.V. The results of combined nonperforating sclerectomy and cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Glaucoma. 2003; 2:15-19. (In Russ.).
97. Gimbel H.V., Meyer D. Small incision trabeculotomy combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1993; 19:92-96. doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(13)80291-x
Review
For citations:
Anisimov S.I., Anisimova S.Y., Arutyunyan L.L., Voznyuk A.P., Anisimova N.S. Modern approaches to surgical treatment of combined pathology of glaucoma and cataract. National Journal glaucoma. 2019;18(4):86-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25700/10.25700/NJG.2019.04.07