Воспаление и фильтрующая хирургия глаукомы. Часть 3: потенциал триамцинолона ацетонида в хирургии глаукомы

У пациентов с глаукомой отмечается повышенный уровень провоспалительных цитокинов и факторов роста, а также клеточная инфильтрация тканей глазной поверхности, что связано с многолетним использованием местных гипотензивных препаратов, особенно содержащих консерванты. Дополнительным фактором выступает сама фильтрующая хирургия, приводящая к увеличению содержания провоспалительных клеток и биологически активных веществ в уже измененной конъюнктиве. Возникающий в результате избыточный затяжной воспалительный ответ провоцирует развитие раннего субконъюнктивального фиброза, приводящего к обструкции фильтрационных путей и последующему повышению офтальмотонуса. В связи с этим ведение пациентов после синустрабекулэктомии требует тщательного контроля воспаления. Несмотря на низкую биодоступность и быстрое выведение, обусловливающие необходимость частого и длительного применения в послеоперационном периоде, топические антифлогистические препараты остаются основным методом профилактики этих осложнений. Эти ограничения актуализируют поиск более эффективных альтернатив и совершенствование существующих терапевтических стратегий. В настоящем обзоре представлены современные данные о фармакокинетике, профиле безопасности и клиническом использовании триамцинолона ацетонида в офтальмологии, а также проанализирован его потенциал в качестве перспективного средства для улучшения отдаленных результатов фильтрующих операций благодаря пролонгированному противовоспалительному действию.

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