The role of neuroinflammation markers in the early diagnosis of glaucoma
https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2026-25-2-71-77
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is considered a latediagnosed disease due to its prolonged latent period preceding clinical manifestations. Existing diagnostic methods typically detect glaucomatous changes only after the loss of more than 40% of optic nerve fibers. This review discusses approaches to the early diagnosis of glaucoma at the preclinical stage. Particular emphasis is placed on the relevance of identifying biomarkers of neuroinflammation that lead to apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells. The article analyzes data on the activity of autoimmune inflammation markers, including neuron-specific enolase, S100 protein family, myelin basic protein, cytokines, and neurotrophins, as well as their potential application in the early diagnosis of glaucoma. The glial responses and biomarkers described in the review require further in-depth investigation and systematization of current knowledge. Studying the neurochemical processes that occur at the preclinical stage of glaucoma may enable the identification of specific biomarkers of disease onset and open prospects for rapid and convenient POAG screening.
About the Authors
V. E. Korelina
Saint Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute ; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor at the Department of Educational Programs, Associate Professor at the Academic Department of Family Medicine
Saint Petersburg, 197022
41 Kirochnaya St., Saint Petersburg, 191015
A. V. Kuroyedov
Academic Department of Ophthalmology named after Academician A.P. Nesterov at the Institute of Clinical Medicine of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University ; Mandryka Central Military Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Academic Department of Ophthalmology, Head of the Ophthalmology Сenter
1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997
8A Bolshaya Olenya St., Moscow, 107014
D. V. Cherednichenko
Saint Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sci. (Med.), First Deputy Director
Saint Petersburg, 197022
A. A. Sultanova
Saint Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
postgraduate student1, ophthalmologist
Saint Petersburg, 197022
S. V. Bozhok
City Polyclinic No. 86
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
ophthalmologist
5 bld. 3 Kirishskaya Stl, Saint Petersburg, 195299
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Review
For citations:
Korelina V.E., Kuroyedov A.V., Cherednichenko D.V., Sultanova A.A., Bozhok S.V. The role of neuroinflammation markers in the early diagnosis of glaucoma. National Journal glaucoma. 2026;25(2):71-77. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2026-25-2-71-77
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