Clinical and functional values of quality of life of primary open-angle glaucoma patients

PURPOSE: To explore the correlations between quality of life indicators, visual functions and intraocular pressure level in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: The material for this study was gathered in the course of a comprehensive examination and treatment of 213 people between 2010 and 2014. The main group consisted of 112 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, 36 patients with suspected glaucoma and 35 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers without ophthalmic pathology. The age of patients with glaucoma averaged 62.9±0.6 years, of healthy individuals - 62.2±1.1 years. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. To assess the quality of life of patients we used the NEI-VFQ-25 medical questionnaire. NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire was designed for ophthalmology and consisted of 23 questions, divided into 11 scales. After signing an informed consent for participation in the study, patients filled the questionnaire forms themselves. Statistic analysis was performed using the Statistica 8.0 computer software (Statsoft, Inc., USA). The differences and correlations with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Total score of all the indicators featured in the NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire in patients with glaucoma was significantly lower than in healthy individuals (723 and 943±5.2±4.5; p<0.001). It was found that in all types of primary glaucoma QOL was significantly lower than in healthy individuals, where the average score was 943±4.5 (p<0.001). The average score of quality of life (theoretically possible maximum - 1100) was as follows: primary open-angle glaucoma - 717±5.5, suspected glaucoma - 774±6.3, primary angle-closure glaucoma - 778±5.8. The calculation of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) of average visual acuity and perimetry data with different NEI-VFQ-25 scales profiles in patients with POAG showed different levels of correlation between these indices, which ranged from r=0.25 to r=0.49. When calculating the total sum of scores for all scales of the questionnaire we revealed the dependence of QOL on the stage of the disease. When calculating coefficient rho between visual acuity and stages of POAG an inverse average correlation was established (r=-0.51, p<0.001), we also revealed the presence of a weak inverse correlation between the scales of «mental health» «peripheral vision» and POAG stage (r=-0.40 and r=-0.44, respectively; p<0.05). This shows deterioration of vision and subjective self-assessment of mental health depending on the stage of the disease. CONCLUSION: Deterioration of visual function due to primary open-angle glaucoma: decreased visual acuity, visual field loss adversely affect the condition of the quality of life of patients. A statistically significant correlation was established between the perimeter and visometric patient data and indicators of the NEI-VFQ-25 questionnaire scales in primary open-angle glaucoma (r=0.25-0.49), as well as an inverse average correlation (r=-0.51) between visual acuity and stages of POAG, and a weak inverse correlation between stages of primary open-angle glaucoma and the «mental Health» (r=-0.40) and «peripheral vision» (r=-0.44) scales.

первичная открытоугольная глаукома, качество жизни, NEI-VFQ-25, зрительные функции, primary open-angle glaucoma, quality of life, NEI-VFQ-25, visual function

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